Sheet making machine



Sept. 3, 1935. g, A EN 2,013,579

SHEET MAKING MACHINE Filed April 15, 1934 7 Sheets- Sheet 1 INVENTOR BYHIS ATTORNEYS CHRISTIAN PAULSEN Sept. -3, 1935. c. PAULSEN SHEET MAKINGMACHINE Filed April 15. 1954 7 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR CHRISTIAN PAULSENBY HIS ATTORNEYS C. PAULSEN SHEET MAKING MACHINE Filed April 15, 1934Sept. 3, 1935.

'7 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR CHRISTIAN PAULSEN BY HIS AITQRNEYS Sept. 3,1935.

C. PAULSEN SHEET MAKING MACHINE 7 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed April 13, 1934 lI l \L l I I l l .1

INVENTOR CHRISTIAN PAUILSEN BY HIS ATTORNEYS P 1935. c. 'PAULSEN SHEETMAKING MACHINE Filed April 15 19:54 7 Sheets- Sheet 5 INVENTOR-CHRISTIAN PAULSEI)! BY HIS A'ITORNEYS SHEET MAKING MACHINE Filed April13, 1934, 7 Sheets-Sheet 6 llllllllll Y \w- E I07 5a Q I F 1 loa T a' hINVENTOR CHRISTIAN PAULSEN BY HISA ORNEYS Sept. 3, 1935. c PAULSEN2,013,579

SHEET MAKING MACHINE Filed April 13, 1934 7 Sheets-Sheet 7 I I i=1- 1'4..59 69 6/ W 7 66 r i 6 I9 I N6" INVENTOR CHRISTIAN PAULSE'N BY HIS A'ITORNEYS- Patented Sept. 3, 1935 UNITED fiTATES PATENT OFFECE ApplicationApril 13, 1934, Serial No. 720,472

14 Claims.

This invention relates to machines for perforating and cutting sheetsfor loose leaf books from continuous rolls of paper and it is an objectof this invention to provide a machine of the type described which isarranged to attach gummed linen strips to one edge of each of aplurality of continuous paper webs, the linen strips to be perforatedfor receiving the ring fasteners, and the combined paper webs and linenstrips being cut in suitable lengths for pages. It is also an object ofthis invention to provide means for securing the linen strips to thepaper webs in a continuous operation and by means of reasonabledimensions and it is also an object of this invention to provide in amachine of the type de scribed means for attaching a linen strip to thepaper web in a continuous operation and feeding the combined Web andstrip at intervals to a periodically operating punching and severingmeans.

In the drawings Figs. 1 and 2 are partial views which, when arrangedadjacent, show in side elevation a machine constructed in accordancewith this invention;

Figs. 3, 4, and 5 are partial views, partly in section and partlydiagrammatical, which when arranged in order show the paths of movementof the various paper webs and linen strips through the machine;

Fig. 6 is a horizontal section taken on the line 6-6 of Fig. 2 showingin plan view the driving means and the first set of paper drawing rolls;

Figs. '7 and 8 are sectional views showing in plan view the means forapplying tension to the paper web at position A in Fig. 3 and position Bin Fig. 5, respectively;

Figs. 9 and 10 are views in elevation showing the means for operatingthe tensioning means shown in Figs. '7 and 8, respectively;

Fig. 11 is a fragmentary view, partly in elevation and partly invertical section, showing the means for gumming the linen strip;

Fig. 12 is a top plan view of the structure shown in Fig. 11, partsbeing broken away to show other parts more clearly Fig. 13 is a view inelevation looking from the right in Fig. 11, parts being broken away toshow other parts more clearly;

Fig. 14 is a vertical section taken as on line I l-Ht of Fig. 11;

Fig. 15 is a partial broken plan view showing the means for guiding thepaper webs and the gummed linen strips at the time of placing the websand strips together;

Fig. 16 is a partial broken view in elevation showing the means ofguiding the paper webs and linenstrips when the'linen strips first runwith the paper webs;

Fig. 17 is a plan view of a length of the attached paper webs and linenstrips parts of the webs and strips being broken away to show thedifference in the widths of the various paper webs and the various linenstrips;

Fig. 18 is a plan view of a single paper web with the linen stripattached thereto and showing the successive steps of punching the linenstrip, notching the web and strip to form the round corners and severingthe finished sheet or page from the combined web and strip; and

Fig. 19 is a partial perspective view of a plurality of groups of thefinished sheets or pages as cut from the continuous webs and strips,parts of some of the sheets being broken away to more clearly show thedifference in the widths of the paper portions of the finished sheetsand of the linen portions of the finished sheets.

As shown in the drawings a machine constructed in accordance with thisinvention comprises a lower or base frame I, formed of a plurality ofspaced longitudinal members suitably connected at intervals, and anupper frame 2 of similar longitudinal members similarly connected andhaving parts thereof at dilferent elevations from the base frame I, theframe 2 being supported by pairsof vertical members 3, 4, 5, and 6.Mounted upon the base frame I, adjacent an end thereof, are a pluralityof pairs of standards 8, 8a, 8b, and 8c, which serve to support theshafts upon which the rolls of papers Mia, till), 190, and 1d arerotatably supported. At the end of the frame I adjacent the standardsthere is secured a bracket or frame comprising a pair of upright members34 in which are rotatably supported a plurality 'of sets of draw rollsdriven by means of belt 3| and pulleys 32 and 33 from a shaft of thedraw rolls [8 journaled in a frame 251 supported upon the base frame Iadjacent the other or control end of the base frame F. Also mounted uponthe base frame I at the control end is a driving motor 22 connected by achain 23 to a change speed gearing 24 whichis, in turn, connected by achain 25 t0 the draw rolls I8. The change speed gearing, as shown, is ofthe adjustable cone pulley type comprising the adjustable cone pulleysand 36 connected by belt 31 and adjusted by means of the levers 38 and39 which are operatedby the screw 40 and the handle or operating wheelH. Pulleys 36 are splined on the shaft 42, driven by the chain 23 fromthe motor 22, while pulleys 35 are splined on the shaft 43 connected bychain 25 to the shaft 44 which drives the draw rolls I8. While a changespeed gearing of a particular construction has been shown it is to beunderstood any suitable construction of change speed gearing may beused.

Mounted upon the upper frame 2 are the standards 50 which support theends of the guide rods 5i. As shown in Fig. 16 each of these guide rodsis provided with a pair of spaced collars 52 which divide the guide rodsinto uneven portions, the wide portion serving to guide the paper websfrom the rolls Iila, I01), I00, IJd, while the narrow portions betweenthe collars are provided with rollers and serve to guide the linenstrips which are attached to the respective paper webs, the paper webspassing over the guide rods while the linen strips pass beneath theguide rods.

Also mounted on the upper frame 2 are spaced brackets 54 which serve tosupport the guide rods 55. As shown in Figures 11 to 14 an end of eachguide rod 55 is hollowed or recessed, as at 56, and communicates with apassage 51 in the boss 58 in which the end of the guide rod 55 ismounted. Passage 5'7 in the boss 58 communicates with the interior of areceptacle 59 supported from a bracket 56 and which holds the gum forapplication to the linen strip. The gum is supplied from the receptacle59 through the passage 51, recess 58 to a slot or opening 69 in the wallof the guide rod 55 and a slot 63 in the boss. The boss 58 is partly cutaway to form a fiat upper surface, as at 52, with a slightly projectingflat rim about the slot 63. Screw GI mounted in the rod 55 and engagingin a slot in the boss 58 limits rotation of the rod 55 sufficient toopen and close the slot 69. Secured to the boss 58 is a bracket 64having the ears 65 in which is pivotally mounted the arm or finger 56carrying the presser plate 67 secured to the finger 66 by the set screws68. Movement of the presser plate to the mouth I33 is limited by theadjustable screw 69. Fixedly mounted in the bracket 64 is the rod I6having a roller H thereon guided between the adjustable collars 12 andi3 and adjustably mounted in the bracket M is a rod I5 having a collarI6 thereon against which bears a spring TI confined between the collarI9 and the bracket 66, the spring I! tending to move the rod I5outwardly and the movement thereof being limited by the wing-nut 18. Asshown in Figures 11 to 14 the linen strips pass beneath the roller IIbetween the collars I2 and I3 and pass over the rod I5 adjacent to thecollar I6, the collars 16 and T2 serving to guide the linen strips sothat one edge thereof passes over the mouth 63 to receive the gum fromthe receptacle 59 which wells up through the mouth, the linen stripbeing held in contact with the mouth by the presser 61.

Also mounted upon the upper frame 2 is a casing 86 having openings atopposite ends thereof for the passage of the webs and strips andprovided with heating units 8!. As shown these heating units areindicated as being electrically heated but it is to be understood thatother suitable types of heating units may be installed, if desired. Alsomounted upon the upper frame 2 are the brackets 82 which serve tosupport the ends of guide rolls and shafts for the draw rolls 83, thedrive rolls being driven by chain 84 and suitable sprockets from theshaft 86 of the draw rolls I8 which drives the pulleys 33 and belt 3! sothat all of the draw rolls are driven from the same drive mechanism, thesprockets and pulleys eing chosen so as to drive the draw rolls at thesame speed. The speed of the draw rolls may be adjusted by adjusting thechange-speed gearing 24 which, when operated, adjusts the speed of allof the draw rolls simultaneously.

Also mounted upon the upper frame 2 is a punch 88, a notching orcornering device 89, a set of draw rolls 90 and a cut-off mechanism 9|,the punch 88, cornering device 89 and the cut-off device 9! beingoperated by means of a cam shaft 92 driven through gears 93 and 94 froma shaft 96 journaled in the frame 2 and driven by chain 95 and suitablesprockets 9B and 91 from the drive motor 22. The draw rolls 96 areoperated by means of the rack 98 and pinion 99, connected through a pawland ratchet (not shown) with the shaft I so that the pinion as may drivethe shaft IGI] in one direction only as the rack 98 is reciprocatedthrough its connection with the shaft 98, this giving to the draw rolls9!! a periodic operation so as to move the webs and strips apredetermined distance forward for each revolution of the shaft 96, thewebs and their attached strips not moving while the rack is beingretracted for a subsequent forward operation. The operation of the camshaft 92 is so related to the operation of the rack 98 that the punch88, cornering device 89 and the cut-off mechanism 9| are operated duringthe period when the webs are at rest.

Mounted in the uprights 3 3 are cross-bars IUI which support plates I02over which the webs pass and bearing upon the webs are felt surfacedtensioning devices I03 carried by shafts I04 also mounted in theuprights 34 and operated by springs I and crank arms IfiSa to hold thefelt covered tensioning devices "13 in engagement with the webs. In thebrackets 82, similar webtensioning devices are mounted comprisingcrossbars H36 over which the webs pass and against which the webs arepressed by the felt surfaced tensioning devices l0? mounted upon theshafts I08 and operated by springs Hi9 and crank arms 19a to bring thetensioning devices It]? in contact with the webs.

In the operation of this device the webs a, b, d, c, there being fourused in the machine illustrated, fed from the rolls Illa, [9b, I00, andMid pass beneath guide rods I2 carried by the uprights 4 and areseparated so as to pass over individual guide rods I3, M in the bracketsI3a and I ia, respectively, carried from the frame 2. The webs also passover the guide rods l5 and past the guide rods I6, supported from theframe 20 of the draw rolls I8. At the draw rolls IS the webs cometogether and are directed towards the other end of the machine, passingover guide rods 26 and 21 supported in the base frame I. Atthe other endof the machine the webs are separated to pass beneath the guide rods 28supported in the uprights 34. From the guide 3 1 the webs pass betweenindividual sets of draw rolls 30, which are operated as a train, andsufficient web is drawn from each roll to form a loop, as at H0, beforethey are passed over the guide rolls III and beneath the tension devicesI03, all supported in the uprights 34. From the tension devices 33 thewebs pass to the guide rods 5i supported in the uprights 50. At theseguide rods the webs meet with the strips of linen which are to besecured thereto, the linen strips (1, b, c, and d passing beneath theguide rolls and at one side of the paper webs as shown in Figure 16. Itwill be noted that the paper webs pass over a guide rod which is belowthe guide rod carrying the roller guiding the corresponding linen strip.

From the guide rolls on rods 5! the linen strips pass beneath the guiderollers H and over the guide rods l5 to the rods 55 where the edges ofthe linen strips are gummed, after which the linen strips pass beneathguide rods H4 mounted in the brackets iii and over the guide rods I I5while the paper webs pass from above the guide rods 5! beneath guiderods I i8 and over the guide rods H5, the paper webs being guided bycollars H1 and M8 on the guide rods I Hi while the linen strips areguided by collars H9 and M0 on the guide rods i l 4 so as to place thegummed portions of the linen strips in overlapping relation with thepaper webs to the desired extent so that upon the strip and the webpassing over the guide rods M5 the gummed portions of the linen stripsare brought into contact with the edges of the paper webs and the linenstrips secured to the paper webs.

From the guide rods I l5 the combined webs and strips pass the guiderods I23 and I24 and then pass through the heating chamber 80, thepurpose of which is to properly dry the gum which secures linen stripsto the paper webs and in order to accomplish this without undue lengthof heating chamber or machine, the combined webs and strips are passedabout rollers I25 supported in the frame 82 and are returned through theheating chamber 88 to be passed around rollers H25 supported in theframe 54 and again passed through the heating chamber 83), the repeatedpassage of the combined webs and linen strips serving to thoroughly drythe gum and unite the webs and strips. From the heating chamber thecombined webs and strips pass about the rollers 52? and H8 supported onthe frame 82 and pass to the draw rolls 83 which draw rolls, it will benoted, operate only upon the paper webs and not upon the linen strips,the linen strips being moved solely through their adhesion to the paperwebs. The draw rolls 83 deliver the combined webs and strips to slackloops, as at I36, from which loops the webs and strips pass over therollers BI and I32 and past the guide plate I35 to the tensioningdevices I07. From the tensioning devices the combined webs and stripsare drawn by the draw rollers through the punch 88 and the notching orcornering device 89 and delivered to the cutting-off or severing device9 l, the punching device punching holes for the ring fasteners in thelinen strips and the cornering device notching the opposite edges of thecombined strips and webs, as shown at I35 in Fig. 18, while the severingdevice 9| cuts the webs and strips at predetermined lengths to form thefinished sheets.

The linen strips which are delivered to the machine, with as littlefriction and resistance as possible, are unreeled from the rolls inwhich they come into receptacles from which they are drawn to the guiderods 5| by the adhesion of the gummed portion thereof to the paper websafter they have passed the guide rod 1 E5. The various strips and websdiffer in width so that when assembled in a binder the pages will begrouped as in Fig. 19 with the overlapped portions staggered decreasingthe bulk of a number of pages at the joint of the web and strip andpermitting of the insertion of a greater number of pages in a binder.The separate adjustment of the collars on the guide rods 51 and I I8 and[i l permit of this difference in the widths of the strips and webwithout interfering with the operation of the machine. It will also benoted that immediately prior to attaching the linen strip to the paperweb the paper webs and strips are kept separated from one another inorder that the webs and strips may not become charged with staticelectricity and interference with the control of the paper webs andlinen strips by this condition be avoided.

I claim---- 1. In a machine of the class described means forcontinuously attaching a web and strip, means guiding said web to saidstrip attaching means, draw rolls relieving said web of all tension inadvance of said guiding means, means periodically advancing the joinedweb and strip to punching and severing means and means heating thejoined web and strip during continuous movement thereof intermediate thejoining of the web and strip and the severing of the joined web andstrip.

2. In a machine of the class described, means for continuously attachinga plurality of webs and strips individually, means periodicallyoperating upon the plurality of joined webs and strips at portionsthereof which are at rest, guides for positioning the webs for saidmeans and draw rolls relieving the webs of all tension in advance ofsaid guides.

3. In a machine of the class described, means for continuously advancinga plurality of webs, means for attaching strips individually to themoving webs, means for punching and severing the combined webs andstrips, means for advancing said webs and strips periodically to saidpunching and severing means, means guiding said webs tosaid punching andsevering means and draw rolls relieving the webs of all tension inadvance of said guiding means.

4. In a machine of the class described, means for continuously advancinga plurality of webs, means for attaching strips individually to themoving webs, means guiding said webs to said strip attaching means, drawrolls relieving said webs of all tension in advance of said guidingmeans, means for punching and severing the combined webs and strips,means for advancing said webs and strips periodic-ally to said punchingand severing means and means for heating the combined webs and stripsintermediate the attaching of said webs and strips and the punchingthereof.

5. In a machine of the class described, means for continuously advancinga plurality of webs, means continuously gumming one edge of each of aplurality of strips, means continuously attaching said gummed stripsindividually to edges of said webs, means for advancing the attachedstrips and webs periodically, means operating upon the attached stripsand webs between successive periodic. movements, guiding means for saidwebs and means relieving the webs of tension in advance of said guidingmeans.

6. In a machine of the class described, means for continuously advancinga plurality of webs, means continuously gumming one edge of each of aplurality of strips, means continuously attaching said gummed stripsindividually to the edges of said webs, means for advancing the attachedstrips and webs periodically, means operating upon the attached stripsand webs between successive periodic movements, means heating theattached strips and webs during their continuous movement, guiding meansfor said webs and means relieving the Webs of tension in advance of saidguiding means.

7. In a machine of the class described, means for continuously advancinga web and strip, means for continuously gumming an edge of the strip,means continuously attaching said gummed strip to an edge of said web,means holding said web under tension during the attaching of said strip,means guiding said web for the attaching of the strip, web advancingmeans relieving the web of tension in advance of the guiding means,means for advancing said combined web and strip periodically, means foroperating upon said combined web and strip intermediate successiveperiodic movements and means holding said combined web and strip intension while being operated upon.

8. In a machine of the class described, means for supplying a pluralityof webs, means for attaching continuous strips to said webs, means forheating the attached webs and strips, guide means for said webs, aplurality of sets of draw rolls engaging said webs at different pointsfor continuously advancing said webs and strips, said draw rollsrelieving said webs of tension in advance of said guiding means anddriving means for said drawing rolls comprising a variable gearing forsimultaneously regulating the speed of all sets of drawing rolls.

9. In a machine of the class described, means for continuously advancinga web, means continuously gumming a strip, means attaching said stripand web, means holding said web in tension during the attaching of saidstrip, means guiding said web and web advancing means relieving the webof tension in advance of said guiding means.

10. In a machine of the class described, means for continuously drawinga web from a roll, tensioning means for said web, means continuouslydrawing said web under tension and means continuously attaching a stripto said web while said strip is in tension, said drawing meansmaintaining the web relieved of tension in feeding to said tensioningmeans.

11. In a machine of the class described, means continuously advancing aweb, means attaching a strip to said web, tensioning means, meansadvancing said joined web and strip periodically under tension and meansoperating upon said joined web and strip at intervals while said web andstrip are at rest, said advancing means maintaining said web and striprelieved of tension in feeding to said tensioning means.

12. In a machine of the class described, means for continuouslyattaching a plurality of webs and strips individually, means operatingupon the plurality of joined webs and strips at portions thereof whichare at rest, said webs being under tension during the attaching of thestrips and when being operated upon, means guiding said websindividually to said strip attaching means and to said means operatingupon said webs and strips and means for drawing said webs to form slackloops thereof immediately in advance of said guiding means.

13. In a machine of the class described, means for drawing a pluralityof webs from rolls, means for continuously attaching said webs and aplurality of strips individually, means tensioning said websindividually during the attaching of said strips, guiding means forpositioning said webs and strips and means drawing said webs to relievesaid webs of all tension at the guiding means.

14. In a machine of the class described, means for drawing a pluralityof webs intermittently, means tensioning said webs individually, meansfor operating on said webs while at rest, means guiding said webs tosaid tensioning means and means drawing said webs continuously andrelieving said webs of all tension in advance of said guiding means.

CHRISTIAN PAULSEN.

